風濕病的分期怎樣識別癥狀有哪些
說起(qi)風(feng)(feng)濕病(bing)相信大家都(dou)不陌生(sheng),在(zai)病(bing)發(fa)時(shi)表現為(wei)局部(bu)疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong),比如(ru)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節或肌肉(rou)處(chu)疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong),也有可(ke)能會導(dao)致(zhi)全身痛(tong)。疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)由于著涼或受風(feng)(feng)而(er)引發(fa)或使原(yuan)有癥狀加(jia)(jia)重(zhong);風(feng)(feng)濕性關(guan)(guan)(guan)節炎患者在(zai)日常生(sheng)活中進(jin)食(shi)不當可(ke)加(jia)(jia)重(zhong)風(feng)(feng)濕性關(guan)(guan)(guan)節炎患者的病(bing)情(qing),為(wei)識(shi)別風(feng)(feng)濕病(bing)的分期接下來(lai)帶大家簡單認識(shi)一下。
風濕病的分(fen)期怎(zen)樣(yang)識別(bie)?癥狀有哪些?
由于風濕(shi)病(bing)的癥狀(zhuang)在早(zao)期的表現(xian)并不明顯,所以人(ren)們經常會(hui)忽略這(zhe)個(ge)危險的疾(ji)病(bing),然后讓病(bing)情惡化或者(zhe)引發其它并發癥。那么風濕(shi)病(bing)的分期癥狀(zhuang)主(zhu)要表現(xian)在什(shen)么方面呢?
1、變質滲(shen)出期(qi)(非特異性炎(yan))
結締組(zu)織基質(zhi)的粘液(ye)變性:膠(jiao)原纖維腫脹、斷裂(lie)、崩解,基質(zhi)蛋白多糖↑→纖維素樣壞死;少量(liang)漿(jiang)液(ye)和炎癥(zheng)細胞(淋(lin)巴細胞、漿(jiang)細胞和單核細胞)浸潤。此期病變持續1個月(yue)。
2、增生期(肉芽腫期)
病(bing)變在(zai)心肌間質,風濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)肉芽腫,即Aschoff小體(Aschoffbody),近似梭形(xing),中心部為纖維素樣壞死灶(zao),周圍有各(ge)種(zhong)細(xi)(xi)胞成分醫(yi)風濕(shi)細(xi)(xi)胞(Aschoff細(xi)(xi)胞):胞漿豐富,嗜堿性(xing)(xing),核大,呈卵圓形(xing)、空泡(pao)狀(zhuang)。染色質集中于核的中央,核的橫切面狀(zhuang)似梟眼(yan);縱切面上,染色質狀(zhuang)如毛蟲。少量淋巴細(xi)(xi)胞和個別中性(xing)(xing)粒細(xi)(xi)胞。此期病(bing)變持續2-3個月。
3、瘢痕期(愈合期)
出現纖(xian)維(wei)母細胞,產生膠(jiao)原纖(xian)維(wei),并變(bian)為纖(xian)維(wei)細胞。整(zheng)個(ge)小體(ti)變(bian)為梭(suo)形小瘢(ban)痕(hen)。此(ci)期病變(bian)持續(xu)2-3個(ge)月。
風濕(shi)病的癥狀(zhuang)有(you)哪些?
1、疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)風(feng)濕病(bing)的主(zhu)要(yao)癥狀,可(ke)表現(xian)(xian)為局部疼(teng)(teng)、全身痛(tong)(tong)(tong)、關節(jie)(jie)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)和肌肉痛(tong)(tong)(tong)。疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)急(ji)性(xing)起(qi)病(bing),也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)緩慢(man)起(qi)病(bing),疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)的程(cheng)度(du)可(ke)以(yi)很劇烈,也(ye)有(you)的很輕(qing)微(wei),或僅(jin)表現(xian)(xian)為不(bu)適、酸脹或麻木感(gan)。疼(teng)(teng)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)往往由于著涼或受風(feng)而(er)又引發(fa)或使原有(you)癥狀加重;非外傷引起(qi)的關節(jie)(jie)腫痛(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)常(chang)是(shi)風(feng)濕病(bing)的表現(xian)(xian)。關節(jie)(jie)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)、頸肩痛(tong)(tong)(tong)、腰背痛(tong)(tong)(tong)、足跟痛(tong)(tong)(tong)往往是(shi)風(feng)濕病(bing)的常(chang)見表現(xian)(xian),有(you)時還伴有(you)關節(jie)(jie)的腫脹,晨起(qi)僵硬感(gan)。
2、發熱(re)(re)是風濕(shi)病的(de)常見癥(zheng)狀,可(ke)為低熱(re)(re)、中等(deng)度發熱(re)(re)、也可(ke)為高(gao)熱(re)(re),往往表現為不規則(ze)的(de)發熱(re)(re),同(tong)時血沉快,但是一(yi)般無寒戰(zhan),抗生素治療無效,激素治療有效。如系(xi)統性(xing)紅斑狼瘡、斯蒂爾病、脂膜炎等(deng)均可(ke)以發熱(re)(re)為癥(zheng)狀。
3、皮(pi)膚黏膜(mo)(mo)表現系統(tong)性紅斑狼瘡、多發性肌炎(yan)/皮(pi)肌炎(yan)、白(bai)塞病(bing)、脂(zhi)膜(mo)(mo)炎(yan)、干燥綜合征均可有面部(bu)或者全身皮(pi)疹、日(ri)光過敏(日(ri)光暴露(lu)部(bu)位皮(pi)膚、紅癢、起(qi)皮(pi)疹等)、口干、眼干、口腔(qiang)潰(kui)瘍(yang)、外陰潰(kui)瘍(yang)、眼色素膜(mo)(mo)炎(yan)、皮(pi)膚結(jie)節(jie)、皮(pi)膚潰(kui)瘍(yang)等。
4、雷諾現(xian)象指(zhi)手(shou)(shou)指(zhi)遇冷或情緒激動時出現(xian)發(fa)白,然后發(fa)紫、發(fa)紅或伴有手(shou)(shou)指(zhi)的麻木、疼痛,嚴重的可(ke)(ke)有手(shou)(shou)指(zhi)末端皮膚潰破,可(ke)(ke)見于硬皮病、類風濕性(xing)關節(jie)炎、混合性(xing)結締(di)組織(zhi)病、系統性(xing)紅斑狼(lang)瘡。
風(feng)濕(shi)(shi)病(bing)患者(zhe)一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)了解風(feng)濕(shi)(shi)病(bing)的分期(qi),只有這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)才能在(zai)風(feng)濕(shi)(shi)病(bing)的每個階段都可(ke)以得(de)到有效(xiao)的治(zhi)療,這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)也(ye)可(ke)以使風(feng)濕(shi)(shi)病(bing)較快達到穩定(ding)病(bing)情(qing)(qing),使其不再復發(fa),風(feng)濕(shi)(shi)病(bing)患者(zhe)也(ye)要(yao)(yao)注意保暖,這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)在(zai)病(bing)發(fa)期(qi)可(ke)以止痛,在(zai)緩解期(qi)可(ke)以有效(xiao)防止病(bing)情(qing)(qing)發(fa)展。